Sabedoria e resolução divergente de problemas como recursos para o bem-estar eudaimônico na velhice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17575/psicologia.1992Palavras-chave:
Sabedoria, Resolução divergente de problemas, Bem-estar eudaimónico, Envelhecimento positivoResumo
As perspetivas teóricas sobre o envelhecimento positivo salientam a centralidade dos recursos pessoais para alcançar e manter um elevado nível de funcionamento global nesta fase da vida. Recursos pessoais como a sabedoria, a criatividade e o bem-estar psicológico eudaimónico podem dar um contributo substancial para esta condição desejável. O estudo investigou as relações entre a sabedoria, o bem-estar eudaimónico e a eficácia percebida na resolução divergente de problemas na velhice. Explorou igualmente a existência de diferenças associadas às variáveis estruturais género e escolaridade nestes fatores. 105 participantes italianos preencheram o Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (PWB), o Wise Thinking and Acting Questionnaire (WITHAQ) e o Perceived Efficacy Questionnaire on Divergent Problem Solving (APSP). Emergeram associações positivas entre a sabedoria enquanto conhecimento pragmático e a resolução divergente de problemas, e entre a sabedoria enquanto pensamento dialético pós-formal e a resolução divergente de problemas. Verificaram-se também associações positivas entre a sabedoria enquanto conhecimento pragmático e o PWB, e entre a sabedoria enquanto pensamento dialético pós-formal e o PWB. Um modelo de regressão hierárquica destacou a resolução divergente de problemas como o contributo mais forte para o bem-estar eudaimónico (PWB), em conjunto com a sabedoria enquanto competência pragmática. Não emergiram valores estatisticamente significativos para as variáveis de género e escolaridade.
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